What is a HyperTextBook?
A HyperTextBook is a reference work that is not meant to be
read from beginning to end, but from wherever you start
to wherever that leads you. In fact there is no particular reason
for a HyperTextBook to have a beginning or end,
or a "table of contents" specifying the sequence in which its
components are meant to be read, because there is no such intended
sequence. It is best approached from
a highly sophisticated search engine
that might be called a "MetaIndex."
Why do it this way? Because, if you think about it,
the whole idea of a reference work is that you
suddenly conceive a need to know about something in particular,
and so you go look it up.5
This is the difference between a
HyperTextBook and a "normal" textbook:
the latter may have valid pedagogical reasons for leading the
student through its contents in a specific sequence, but this
intention is lost on the spontaneously curious --
and on those who take responsibility for their own learning.
Most people who visit a Web site are, in fact,
driven either by spontaneous curiosity or by some practical need
to know a particular thing, which they would like to find in
the most efficient and convenient way possible. Hence the
HyperTextBook, which is meant to be used more or less
as follows:6
- "Open" the HyperTextBook at the
"Entrance Page"
(one way to access the MetaIndex)
where you will be offered a choice of browsing schemes --
for instance, "Table of Contents"
(a conventional linear pedagogical layout)
or "Alphabetical Index"
(pretty much what you would find in a conventional textbook,
only with more levels, more entries and more links for each)
or "Search"
(the most sophisticated tool, making full use of the
MetaIndex database to construct a list of links
ordered by such criteria as "Level of Conceptual Complexity"
or "Conceptual Proximity to Current Topic"7).
Pick one method (probably just the "Alphabetical Index"
at this stage) and use it to find
the best matches between the HyperTextBook's
learning quanta and the subject in which you are interested.
When you find a likely candidate, click on it!8
- When you arrive at the selected page,
see if it satisfies your curiosity.
If not, try the first step again.
If it is the right subject but you are having trouble following
the discussion because of unfamiliar terminology or concepts,
click on the embedded hyperlinks in the text that will lead you
to explanations of those terms or concepts,9
or invoke the
MetaIndex10
to identify contextual links, on-line tutorials,
quizzes, discussion groups or whatever other features have been
incorporated into the HyperTextBook.11
If your initial curiosity is satisfied but you would like to know
how the current topic relates to others
(in various different ways)
or what sorts of mathematical tools might be useful
in modelling the behaviour described
... or whatever, invoke the MetaIndex
and have fun!
- Repeat the preceding step as many times as needed
to achieve full satisfaction, or until you get bored and go away.
(Curiosity is a powerful motivator, but it can get used up.)
If you are unable to find what you need,
use the handy "Need More Data!" form
to submit a request for information to be incorporated.
- If, in your journeys through the HyperTextBook,
you conceive of a connection that has not yet been recorded
in the MetaIndex database,
use the handy "New Link!" form
to propose a new entry in the MetaIndex.
You may also have personal knowledge that you feel
should be incorporated as a new learning quantum,
or which you think satisfies a "Need More Data!" request.
(A list of the current backlog of "Need More Data!" requests
can be viewed at any time by enthusiastic contributors.)
Use the handy "My Two Cents!" form to submit your
contribution directly to the
"learning quantum input queue."12
Obviously this will only work when the HyperTextBook
in question contains a good enough MetaIndex
and/or has adequate embedded hyperlinks on every page to ensure
that you get to what you need in a few steps.13
What is needed most is a refined, easy-to-use mechanism for
generating links and cross-references and storing them
in a database which we call a MetaIndex which in turn
includes methods for accessing this database from any page in
the HyperTextBook and exploring links related by
context, topical proximity or other criteria.
This tool is essential for the resolution of the
complex problem of generating the cross-linking scheme
that makes a HyperTextBook out of a mere
collection of "learning quanta."
Jess H. Brewer
Last modified: Thu Feb 8 17:44:15 PST 2018