. . . password.¹

Note that this ID/password combination is completely independent of any others you may already have memorized! Sorry about that, but ITservices still hasn't provided the third party CWL authentication they promised years ago.

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. . . site²

You must use your CWL (Campus-Wide Login) username/password to log in to any WebCT course.

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. . . output³

Note that we are focusing only on "useful work" (raising your mass against gravity); the work done by individual muscles moving body parts back and forth in walking along a level path is ignored here (i.e. it is included in $\Gamma_{\rm walk}$ but not in $P_{\rm walk}$).

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. . . member⁴

Please do not attempt this exercise yourself if you are not sure you can perform the climb without excessive exertion or health risk. Each group should, however, have at least two climbing members.

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. . . measurement.⁵

This is often referred to as an "error estimate" but there is no negative connotation in estimating your uncertainty; it is not an "error" but merely an honest observation. Reporting measurements without any uncertainty is, by contrast, fundamentally dishonest!

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. . . ,⁶

You probably know your "bare" weight from the Doctor's office, but did you have a heavy wallet in your pocket then?

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. . . \/.⁷

The general relation for a function $y(x_1, x_2, \cdots x_n)$ is

$$(\delta y)^2 = \sum_{i=1}^n \left(\partial y \over \partial x_i\right)^2 \times (\delta x_i)^2 \; .$$

applied to a simple division, this gives

$$\left[ \delta (a/b) \over (a/b) \right]^2 = \left[ \left( \ . . . . . . \right )^2 + \left( \delta b \over b \right )^2 \right] \; .$$

For the example shown, this will give us an uncertainty $\delta \Gamma_{\rm climbing stairs} = 51.6$ W . Since this is just an estimate, for simple calculations you can get by with the method described in the question; for more complicated functions of many variables, that method will tend to overestimate the uncertainty, because not every "nudge" will be in the same direction. (This is why we add uncertainties "in quadrature".)
If you want to understand "error propagation" at a more sophisticated level, ask any of us to explain it.

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. . . stairs.⁸

See the caveat for the first question.

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. . . muscles.⁹

A good automobile engine generates about 1 kW/kg.

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. . . absortiometry.¹⁰

Chilibeck et al., Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. (1998).

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. . . 2000]¹¹

R. Conniff, "So sweet, so mean" Smithonian, Sept. 2000, pp. 72-82.

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. . . and]¹²

The wording of this question caused unnecessary confusion. We should have said either just "sugar content" or just "honey content". You get full credit for assuming either one (or any combination of the two, since the difference is slight). For this solution we will assume nectar is just honey diluted with water.

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. . . 98 W/kg.¹³

Chai & Dudley, Nature (1995).

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